Who was Columbus?

Who was Christopher Columbus? According to American History, Columbus was the Italian navigator who discovered the New World that we today refer to as America. On 1492, Christopher Columbus, on behalf of the Spanish Monarch, sailed to the “New World”, discovered friendly Native Americans and made his mark in history. This is what your children are taught. However, who was the “real” Christopher Columbus? For four hundred years you have been grotesquely lied to and have been fed fabrications regarding one of the greatest stories ever told. The ordeals of Columbus was one of the bloodiest chapters in the history of the world. It was indeed a holocaust that displayed a great genocide of a people and fueled the very slave industry of West Africans to Europe. Unbeknownst to many Americans, Christopher Columbus named himself. Columbus believed that he was chosen by God to be the Christ of the Western World.

“Christo” from the Latin, “Christ” and “Phore”, meaning “Carrier” or “Messenger.” Christo-phore comes from the Ecclesiastical Greek which literally means, “Bearing Christ.” The word “Columbus” comes from the Latin “Columbussi” meaning “dove” which is the symbol used in Christianity to denote the descending of God upon the Earth in the form of Christ (symbolic of Columbus descending on the Western World). Columbus chose this name because of his expedition to the West which was on behalf of the Spanish Monarchs. The expedition was originally funded to establish Christianity to foreign nations with hopes of subjecting foreign nations to the religious rules of Spain. The 1492 journey was meant to be a political monopoly.

American history perpetuates the Columbus story by introducing the “Flat World” theory in which history claims that Columbus was the first to prove that the earth was round. It is stated that Columbus bravely forged his ships ahead while his crew were in fear that they would fall off the edge of the Earth. Let’s take an intellectual look at this theory. Do we want to believe in 1492, people were so intellectually incompetent they would think the Earth was a flat piece of land when there is archaeological proof that the Olmecs, Arawaks and Tainos drew images on stone of planets? Does not the Earth look round? The earth casts a shadow on the moon, ships disappear over the horizon, hull first and then the sail. The sun and the moon are round. Why, then, would the Earth be an exception? The entire “Flat World” theory was fabricated and then added into the Columbus story to add a nice dramatic flourish. The story was made up by a man by the name of Washington Irving who popularized the Columbus fable in 1828. Irving admitted to fabricating this story to make for better reading. The Flat World theory can not be found in history prior to 1828. The problem with this fabrication is that it invites the reader to believe that the inhabitants of the Earth in 1492 were the primitives who had a crude understanding of cosmology, but it is evident that pre-Columbian and Meso Americans such as the Incas, Aztecs and Mayas did in fact have an almost technological overview of astrology. Irving also stated that Columbus’ journey in 1492 was a three month journey with strong wind and storms, but in fact it was a one month journey with smooth sailing, according to Columbus’ own logs.

It is stated that Columbus was a Jew. How did he pass a Spaniard?

Columbus’ father, Deminico Colombo, was a poor wool weaver who practiced his trade in the city of Genova. Deminico was an Italian who married a woman by the name of Susana Fontarosa who was of Jewish ancestry. We know that she was a Jew from the accounts of Hebraic dowry which included family land and a house that was brought into the marriage to Deminico. Columbus was born in 1451 as an Italian Jew. Columbus himself married a Portuguese noble by the name of Felipa Moniz Perestello. Columbus did not marry her out of love, but he was pressured into marrying into nobility by his father Deminico. A member of Felipa’s family was the governor of Porto Santo. Let’s look at some strange facts about Columbus

1. Columbus spoke Spanish while living in Italy. Quite unusual unless his family originated in Spain. However, Columbus’ parents were not Spanish, but supposedly Italian. The only Spanish speaking people in Italy at that time were Jewish refugees from the Spanish Inquisition.

2. Columbus was known to frequent the company of Jews who were known astronomers and translators of the Bible. Throughout his life, Columbus possessed an in-depth knowledge of the Bible and often spoke of Jerusalem very highly.

3. The date of Columbus’ voyage in 1492 coincidently matches the ninth of Ave, the Jewish fast of mourning for the destruction of Jerusalem temples.

Columbus begged various leaders to finance his 1492 journey. Why didn’t he simply ask the Portuguese since he was linked to Portuguese nobles through his wife?

In 1483, Columbus did present his idea of sailing West to King John II of Portugal. The king regarded the trip as not financially beneficial and did not wish to finance the trip. Columbus also made outrageous demands. Columbus wanted to be made ‘Grand Admiral’ of the ocean sea as well as Governor of all the islands and main lands that he should discover. He also wanted 1/10 of all the King’s revenue and be granted in charge of all foreign trade. These demands tipped the scale with the King. The King realized that if these demands were met, Columbus would actually have more dominion than himself. The King did, however, finance the trip, but without Columbus’ stipulations. The departure date for Columbus’ expedition was March 1,1487.

Not one picture of Columbus was painted during his lifetime. There are hundreds of portraits of Christopher Columbus. Some depict Columbus with blonde hair and blue eyes (Spaniard), while others depict Columbus with black hair and a dark complexion (Jew).

The sail never took place. It was a complete failure. The wind currents were not in favor of Columbus on that day , so the expedition was postponed and the King withdrew all interest. King John secretly began planning to launch his own expedition to the West. When Columbus discovered the King’s betrayal, Columbus sailed to Spain to find funding for his trip, hoping to win the race to the West and win the Western monopoly against the Portuguese.

Columbus asked various renown men for funding and was turned away each time. Eventually, Columbus found himself in front of King Fernindad and Queen Isabella of Spain. King Fernindad and Queen Isabella had agreed to finance the journey with the notion that Columbus would establish the Spanish flag on whatever land was found in the West which would establish an overseas colonial empire and bring great wealth and power to Spain. Columbus also agreed to reimburse the Spanish Monarch with whatever gold or precious resources that was discovered. Columbus prepared and the journey was financed under contract. The contract stated that Columbus would be made viceroy over all territories he found and be warded 1/10 of gold and other precious stones found. The expedition consisted of the Santa María, a decked ship about 30 m (about 100 ft) long under his command and the Pinta and the Niña, two small caravels, each about 15 m (about 50 ft) long, which were commanded by Martín Alonzo Pinzón and his brother Vicente Yáñez Pinzón. The fleet sailed from Palos de la Frontera, Spain, on August 3, 1492, carrying perhaps 90 men.

Letter to Columbus from The King and Queen

FERDINAND and ELIZABETH, . . .

For as much of you, Christopher Columbus, are going by our command, with some of our vessels and men, to discover and subdue some Islands and Continent in the ocean, and it is hoped that by God’s assistance, some of the said Islands and Continent in the ocean will be discovered and conquered by your means and conduct, therefore it is but just and reasonable, that since you expose yourself to such danger to serve us, you should be rewarded for it. And we being willing to honor and favor you for the reasons aforesaid; Our will is, That you, Christopher Columbus, after discovering and conquering said Islands and Continent in said ocean, or any of them, shall be our Admiral of the said Islands and Continent you shall so discover and conquer; and that you be our Admiral, Vice-Roy, and Governor in them, and that for the future, you may call and stile yourself, D. Christopher Columbus, and that your sons and successors in the said employment, may call themselves Dons, Admirals, Vice-Roys, and Governors of them; and that you may exercise the office of Admiral, with the charge of Vice-Roy and Governor of the said Islands and Continent, which you and your Lieutenants shall conquer, and freely decide all causes, civil and criminal, appertaining to the said employment of Admiral, Vice-Roy, and Governor, as you shall think fit in justice, and as the Admirals of our kingdoms use to do; and that you have power to punish offender; and you and your Lieutenants exercise the employments of Admiral, Vice-Roy, and Governor, in all things belonging to the said offices, or any of them; and that you enjoy the perquisites and salaries belonging to the said employments, and to each of them, in the same manner as the High Admiral of our kingdoms does. And by this our letter, or a copy of it signed by a Public Notary: We command Prince John, our most dearly beloved Son, the Infants, Dukes, Prelates, Marquesses. Great Masters and Military Orders, Priors, Commanders, our Counselors, Judges, and other Officers of Justice whatsoever, belonging to our Household, Courts, and Chancery, and Constables of Castles, Strong Houses, and others, and all Corporations, Bailiffs, Governors, Judges, Commanders, Sea Officers; and the Aldermen, Common Council, Officers, and Good People of all Cities, Lands, and Places in our Kingdoms and Dominions, and in those you shall conquer and subdue, and the captains, masters, mates, and other officers and sailors, our natural subjects now being, or that shall be for the time to come, and any of them, that when you shall have discovered the said Islands and Continent in the ocean; and you, or any that shall have your commission, shall have taken the usual oath in such cases, that they for the future, look upon you as long as you shall live, and after you, your son and heir, and so from one heir to another forever, as our Admiral on our said Ocean, and Vice-Roy and Governor of the said Islands and Continent, by you, Christopher Columbus, discovered and conquered; and that they treat and your Lieutenants, by you appointed, for executed the employments of Admiral, Vice-Roy, and Governor, as such in all respects, and give you all the perquisites and other things belonging and appertaining to the said offices; and allow, and cause to be allowed you, all the honors, graces, concessions, prehaminences, prerogatives, immunities, and other things, or any of them which are due to you, by virtue of your commands of Admiral, Vice-Roy, and Governor, and to be observed completely, so that nothing be diminished; and that they make no objection to this, or any part of it, nor suffer it to be made; forasmuch as we from this time forward, by this our letter, bestow on you the employments of Admiral, Vice-Roy, and perpetual Governor forever; and we put you into possession of the said offices, and of every of them, and full power to use and exercise them, and to receive the perquisites and salaries belonging to them, or any of them, as was said above. Concerning al which things, if it be requisite, and you shall desire it, We command our Chancellor, Notaries, and other Officers, to pass, seal, and deliver to you, our Letter of Privilege, in such form and legal manner, as you shall require or stand in need of. And that none of them presume to do any thing to the contrary, upon pain of our displeasure, and forfeiture of 30 ducats for each offence. And we command him, who shall show them this our Letter, that he summon them to appear before us at our Court, where we shall then be, within fifteen days after such summons, under the said penalty. Under which same, we also commanded any Public Notary whatsoever, that he give to him that shows it him, a certificate under his seal, that we may know how our command is obeyed.

GIVEN at Granada, on the 30th of April, in the year of our Lord, 1492.--

I, THE KING, I, THE QUEEN.

Three days out, the mast of the ship was damaged, forcing a brief stop at the Canary Islands. On September 6th, the three vessels again weighed anchor and sailed due west. Columbus maintained this course until October 7th, when, at the suggestion of Martín Pinzón, it was altered to southwest. Meanwhile, the experienced crew grumbled about their foreign commander’s failure to find his way and began to turn on Columbus, until signs appeared that they were approaching landfall.

Before dawn on October 12th, land was sighted and early in the morning, the expedition landed on Guanahani, an island in the Bahamas. Before an audience of uncomprehending black islanders, Columbus claimed that, by right of conquest, their island now belonged to Spain and renamed it San Salvador ("Holy Savior"). Additional landings made during the next few weeks included the islands of Cuba, which Columbus named “Juana”, in honor of a Spanish princess, and Española, was later corrupted to “Hispanola” (now the Dominican Republic and Haiti), all believed by Columbus to be in Asian waters.

Who was the first to step foot on land?

The first to step foot on Western land was Columbus‘ navigator of the Nina. He was an African Moor named Piedro El-Negrito who Columbus called “Peter the Little Nigger”. Peter was a high commander of the expedition because he was a Moor and spoke Spanish, Latin and Arabic and served as translator for Columbus on many of his journeys. When Peter stepped foot on the island of Espanola, he was greeted by a black king who greeted him in a dialect of Aramaic, the language primarily spoken in West Africa. It is stated that Columbus was frightened to un-board his ship until he knew that the natives were not war-like. What a hero!

Who did Columbus encounter when he reached the western lands?

Columbus first encountered a band of Arawak Native Americans. Columbus’ initial impression of these people were favorable. Columbus stated that these people were very docile and would make good servants. The Arawaks were very hospitable to Columbus and his crew. When Columbus noticed that the natives had gold hanging from their noses, he inquired about the tribe’s wealth. Not knowing of Columbus’ intentions, the natives told Columbus of plentiful gold including a solid gold cup which was owned by the king of the tribe. The next morning, Columbus set out to the other side of the island where he encountered two villages. In his own words, Columbus said, “I could conquer the whole of them with fifty men and govern them as I please.”

Proceed to the next page